homophone time again!

jumpingjacktrash:

actual-technicality:

jumpingjacktrash:

tact: verbal restraint and consideration. “have some tact and don’t mention her ex this time, for crying out loud.”

tack: a sailing vessel’s movement in relation to a headwind, which means it has to zigzag back and forth in order to go forward; from that, a conversational or conceptual direction. “the flashcards aren’t working, let’s try a different tack, maybe make up some mnemonics.”

(there’s also, of course, the meanings ‘pointy thing halfway between a pin and a nail’ and ‘horse-riding gear’ but those don’t usually get confused with ‘tact’.)

bonus round!

intact: unbroken, undamaged. “cinnabar laquerware is delicate, so we were lucky to find the stolen vase intact.”

in tact: this isn’t a thing. knock it off.

in tack: please help me, i’m trapped inside of this small nail

i have not run across that one in the wild but uh

writers, if you don’t want the reader to visualize someone wearing a saddle and bridle… yeah.

tanadrin:

tanadrin:

Global English is a thing of beauty; academics writing on EU law use infinitives, prepositional verbs, and abstract nouns in ways no native speaker would countenance, but which everyone assumes is normal because other people do it.

anaisnein

I desperately want examples

The verb form of “evocation” is “evocate.”

Lots of Institutional Nouns are capitalized in ways that aren’t unintuitive, but still look funny (Member States is a big one, I think this conforms with the EU’s own usage).

“Consist in” is really popular. Nobody seems to have heard of “consist of,” despite it being more common (IME) among native speakers.

So is “in respect to” instead of “with respect to.”

You get a lot of terrific usages that make sense, but are super un-idiomatic, and that on closer digging reveal the idiom of the native language of the writer, or an imperfectly translated word. Sometimes you can reverse-engineer these by, say, looking up the Spanish equivalent in Google Translate and finding an alternate English translation of it. Sometimes you just get a sentence whose meaning is clear but whose syntax is a horrible pretzel you have to unpack to make it work properly.

And of course the punctuation is all over the place because every language has its own conventions for things like commas, and nobody thinks to teach standard academic prose style when teaching foreign languages.

(This can also result in weirdly informal usages, phrases like, “so that
means that there’s a big difference” where native writers of formal
English would go straight to “resulting in a significant difference.)

My favorite today was a hypercorrection (hypertranslation?). Some thoughtful Spaniard, who recognized many of the patterns distinguishing our language from his own, wrote “specifically stablished” instead of “specifically established.” Perfectly logical! Also wrong.

All of it just reminds me–it’s really not our language anymore. It hasn’t been England’s language for centuries now. But it doesn’t even belong particularly to English-speaking countries anymore. Places where it’s the working language in a polyglot population, like the EU and India, are making it their own, and new and internationalized varieties of English suit the needs of their speakers, not the needs of Americans or Brits or Australians. English may hold its dominance as a global language for a little while yet, but it will be less recognizably English the longer it does so.

fierceawakening:

isaacsapphire:

mollokoplus:

tygermama:

thefreelancerdivision:

tygermama:

thefreelancerdivision:

tygermama:

empressofthelibrary:

substantiating-shadows:

ihoema:

revengeance:

novena5:

revengeance:

I’m so fucking pissed off I just realized they’re called pancakes because they’re cakes you make in a frying pan fuck english.

Waterfall

Oh my fucking god I’m furious.

…did you think they were called pancakes because they’re pansexual? what the fuck lmfao

Ok so in linguistics when you study morphology, you study the smallest and largest components if what it might mean to be a word; because theres actually no real definition of a ‘word’ (or even a ‘language’ but thats another story). There are two main theories about the way that we store words in our brain. One is by every potential combination of morpheme <lexicon based> and another is by smallest morpheme (unit of meaning).

Lexicon Theory (1) is that we memorize/store ever word that has a complete unbounded meaning to it. This is how the lay person thinks about language. Knowing more words means knowing more if the language and we think we teach children language by teaching them words (talk about controversy there lemme tell you). So you separate “intelligence” from “intellect” from “intellectual” all distinct words, right? But couldn’t we make this system a little smoother by cheating a bit?

Morpheme Theory (2) says that every root, suffix, prefix, infix is stored separately and every time you go to retrieve a word you create the entire word, so every time you say ‘unintelligence’ your brain is processing ‘un + intell(ect)+ (ig)ence" to create “unintelligence”. Now this theory would account for the least amount of overall storage space in your brain. Kinda like carrying around a keyboard to type on instead of a dictionary to point words in to communicate.

Now, this is a great theory but in many experiments (and im sorry to be a terrible scientist but i cant source rn so you’ll have to trust with me) the results we get are not strictly in line with theory 2 but also not theory 1. So like many things in life ~its complicated~. What happens is (theoretical ofc but so is the explanation for gravity, kids) that every person has a slightly different configuration of what their lexical entries/“words” (morphemes) stored in the brain/. And this depends on how you acquired your language. And im not talking about second language or non native speakers although those are of course where the most drastic variations are seen.

No, if you used the word “butter” a lot in your childhood for some reason and also the word “ball” and those two words were very separate for you and strictly meant “food item” and “shape”, respectively. Then when you hear the word “butterball” the first thing that you picture in your head is…. a ball of butter.

BUT if you are someone who, like me, grew up knowing both “butter” and “ball” as separate BUT ALSO knew that the turkey we made on every thanksgiving was a Butterball turkey and that the brand name was Butterball. Then when you say to me “butterball” my lexicon will jump first to those two morphemes put together as that word and I’ll think– turkey! And never come close to picturing anything to do with butter or a ball even though to someone else it might be obvious that thats a compound word. I didnt have to recreate that word, it was already complete with its specific meaning.

Now. Children dont learn language, they acquire it. And one process that happens on acquiring it is that they build a lexicon (a mental dictionary). At the very beginning, a childs brain is not going to start doing the hard linguistic analysis that leads to Morpheme Theory 2. They store new “words” like a list and then at a certain point say ‘hey how about we simplify this list so its a lot shorter’ (remember: dictionary v. Keyboard). Now, this list of “words” gets simplified in different ways based on the individual.

A. So some people might keep “because” as one ‘word’.

“Because” = reason for an occurrence or expl.
“Waterfall” = that cascade of water from height
“Pancake” = this specific food item
“Closeknit” = intimate

B. While others might store such words by their parts

“Cause + be(ing)” =reason for something existing
“water + fall(ing)” = liquid moving in certain manner
“Pan + cake” = edible item x relating to an object ‘pan’
“Close(ly) + knit” = specific configuration of yarn

And the amazing thing is that because when we retrieve a word like “closeknit” by route A, we are going directly to an adjective which is used to describe perhaps the bond of friend ship and nothing to do with knitting, then the brain doesnt even go near the second potential storing of the word. You never think of knitting if you’ve only ever used that word as an adjective for emotional intimacy. Someone who DOES knit quite a lot and uses that as an adjective for the actual stitch of a knitting needle will almost certainly have the word stored in the manner B.

SO TO FINALLY COME TO A CONCLUSION. I AM SO SORRY FOR THE INTRO TO LINGUISTICS LESSON YALL DIDNT READ:

Someone thinking of a pancake has no reason to think of a “pan” and “cake” separately and so for whatever reason this was brought to their attention, the lack of previous consideration for this fact is what seems mind blowing when suddenly a new morpheme based meaning is given to the word. Language works in mysterious ways, and yall need the space in the brain to like breathe, remember and see shit; so language takes up as little space as necessary in the mind.

TL;DR People arent stupid for not “realizing” this, even if this language is their first language. Languages work without you understanding them, they are like the bumblebee. Our ideas about how language works are usually based in prejudiced social shit that should stay away from linguistics.

WHY ARE PEOPLE NOT MAKING THEIR PANCAKES ON GRIDDLES

I’ve read pancakes referred to as ‘griddlecakes’ before

it’s ‘flapjacks’ that’s making me wonder what it’s cooked on

1. What the hell is a griddle

2. THAT’S WHAT A FUCKING BUTTERBALL IS??? FRESH PRINCE OF BEL-AIR HAS HAUNTED ME FOR YEARS WITH THAT

3. Yeah this happens to me with words really frequently ngl

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griddle

What the–who the hell just HAS a griddle to cook on then if it’s a restaurant thing??

you can buy them. some are electric and you just plug it in and go, others go on the stovetop, my parents have one for when they go camping

We had a cast-iron griddle when I was a kid. It was used not just for pancakes but for grilled cheese sammidges, too. Then Mom got the Farberware electric one and stopped using the cast-iron one. No idea what happened to it.

My mind is blown by the revelation that somebody old enough to be on Tumblr doesn’t know what a griddle is.

I grew up with a frying pan-like sorta square shaped pan, big enough to fry four grilled cheese sandwiches on simultaneously, which was also used to make pancakes. Incidentally, that was literally the only things we used that pan for. There are also griddles made of cast iron that are intended to go across two stove burners at once, although the cast iron griddles can also be used for cooking over a fire and are so used in car camping.

Griddles with integral heating elements are also common, from non-commercial griddles for home use being pretty common and cheap small appliances that can sub in for a stove top in a pinch (6-8 sandwich sized usually, also frequently seen at charity pancake breakfasts and car camping) to enormous commercial griddles up to almost the size of a twin mattress found in almost every commercial kitchen, frequently visible to customers in dinners, where, depending on the menu, up to almost all the cooking is done.

I was dumbfounded when I realized “recognize” is LITERALLY “cognize again” (That is, “realize you’ve encountered this thing before”) and “cooperate” is literally “operate together” (“work with another person to do a thing”)

THEY LOOK LIKE BIG WORDS BUT THEY ACTUALLY LITERALLY MEAN WHAT THEY SAY.

This still occasionally makes me mad.

Linguistics, man. 😤😂

somewhereinmalta:

thiswontbebigondignity:

thatswhywelovegermany:

latveriansnailmail:

thatswhywelovegermany:

Honestly, as a German I can not quite understand the obsession of the English speaking world with the question whether a word exists or not. If you have to express something for which there is no word, you have to make a new one, preferably by combining well-known words, and in the very same moment it starts to exist. Agree?

Deutsche Freunde, could you please create for me a word for the extreme depression I feel when I bend down to pick up a piece of litter and discover two more pieces of litter?

    • um = around
    • die Welt = world
  • die Umwelt = environment
    • ver = prefix to indicate something difficult or negative, a change that leads to deterioration or even destruction that is difficult to reverse or to undo, or a strong negative change of the mental state of a person
    • der Müll = garbage, trash, rubbish, litter
    • -ung = -ing
  • die Vermüllung = littering
    • ver- = see before
    • zweifeln = to doubt
    • -ung = see before
  • die Verzweiflung = despair, exasperation, desperation

die Umweltvermüllungsverzweiflung = …

This is a german compound on the spot master class and I am LIVING

This is one of the reasons why I used to love studying German. I hope to go back to it some day…

sunsetshimmer-xxx:

owldork1998:

drcyan:

tuulikki:

kaylin881:

verymaedhros:

millionsofbooks:

rednines:

larabees:

rednines:

2018 is þe year of using þe þorn again instead of þe letters “T” and “H” in succession

gotta keep it smooþ

þank you

Who let Feanor have a tumblr??

Are you protesting þis?

Guys, guys, “ðis” and “smooð” shouldn’t have þ, ðey’re hard TH sounds. 

We should be bringing back  as well.

Ðis is ðe year we start spelling þings ðe Anglo-Saxon way again, and we’re gonna do it right.

Both the letter eth (Ð,ð) and thorn (Þ,þ) were actually used interchangeably in Old English. Ðis is right and so is þis. Þey’re not interchangeable in oþer languages or for ðe IPA, but I þink ðat for English, þe crazier we get ðe more Beowulf would be proud of us.

#æsþetic2k18

am i having a stroke

Language is canceled

ACTUALLY, in Old English, þhe þorn is most commonly used at þe beginning or middle of a word, whereas þe ð is used at þe end.

So, in OE, it’s Draca eteð þu. (Þe dragon eats you.)

argumate:

official-kircheis:

You can write America in kanji as 亜米利加, a phonetic spelling (atejj) – but that’s a hassle, so why not shorten it to 亜 when possible? Because 亜 is taken as an abbreviation, it’s already used to write Asia 亜細亜.

So instead the second character 米 is used, which is why in ​Japanese the US is called 米国 rice-country. Really confusing when they teach you that, and you wonder what the hell America has to do with rice, but it’s because it comes from a phonetic spelling.

Of course reading 米 as /me/ would make too much sense, so it’s pronounced /bei•koku/.

(and in newspapers you get extremely economic compounds like 米日 which doesn’t mean rice day, but “US-Japanese”, as in “US-Japan relations”)

China of course politely refers to America as “beautiful country” while China is naturally the middle/central kingdom, so Sino-US relations are 中美关系, or Middle Beautiful Relationship.

ganseylike:

sandshrewvian:

paper-mario-wiki:

jerkysatsuma:

paper-mario-wiki:

england be sayin “litcherally”

boi we made the language we speakin it right, all you yanks are the ones that fuckin it up

englind be sayin “litch’rally”

https://www.google.com/amp/s/amp.livescience.com/33652-americans-brits-accents.html

Actually Americans kept the original accent, so y’all are saying it wrong…

if you speak almost any european language but don’t speak like this your accent is BAD and MODERN and IMPURE and BAD

(if you speak a uralic language, we’ll talk later. basques, you can do what you like and your bedtime is never)

jollysunflora:

theboyfallsfromthesky:

tiocfaidharlulz:

sithofren:

coto524:

coto524:

saethwr:

coto524:

as a welsh person i want you all to accept that W is a vowel because honestly it makes pronouncing acronyms so much easier. wlw becomes ‘ooloo’, wjec becomes ‘oojeck’, love yourselves and stop giving us shit when we tell you welsh has 7 vowels. english actually has 15 vowel sounds but because y’all only use 5 letters you have to rely on a spelling system devised by satan

and please, enough with the “keyboard smashing” jokes. not original, not funny.

#okay but can any of y’all even pronounce your own town names tho? #bye”

yeah, we can actually because the spelling is phonetic. meanwhile english folks have placenames like bicester or keighley or beaulieu, which you have to learn the pronunciation for individually because the rules are so inconsistent. i mean people can’t even agree how to pronounce marylebone but sure welsh place names are the weird ones

#But are you aware your language literally looks like a potato rolled across a keyboard”

fun fact: for decades children were beaten for speaking welsh in school, even in areas where english was barely spoken, because the government decided in 1847 that the language made people lazy and immoral

fun fact: welsh orthography is actually easy to read if you take your head out of your arse for one minute and learn our alphabet – just like french, or spanish, or korean, because surprise! languages use different spelling systems that are not based on english. novel, i know – and in the 18th century, travelling schools were able to teach people to read and write welsh in a matter of months, so that wales enjoyed a literate majority, a rare thing in europe at the time

fun fact: the english have been taking the piss out of welsh for years, just like they’ve been doing for irish, and scots gaelic, and cornish, and british sign language, and a hundred and one other languages, because evidently the fact that the whole world isn’t anglophone and monocultured and Still Part Of The Empire is a problem, and something that needs to be corrected

(quietly cheers in support of the Welsh, and your language sounds beautiful, too)

drag them, wales!

Go Wales

For once proud to have some Welsh in me