tilthat:
TIL in 1719, prisoners in Paris were allowed to go free, under the condition that they marry prostitutes and go with them to Louisiana. The newly married couples were chained together and taken to the port of embarkation.
via ift.tt
I wasn’t aware that this was part of the plan for getting more colonists into Louisiana, but can’t say it’s that surprising.
Meanwhile, particularly in Virginia but also in other British colonies:
Other less conventional methods were used to encourage female emigration. The British crown, which chartered the majority of settlements, allowed women convicts the option of emigrating to the colonies rather than serving out jail sentences at home. Many female prostitutes and thieves settled in the New World rather than submit to the notorious severity of English criminal justice. (Daniel Defoe’s novel Moll Flanders is about such a woman–a London prostitute transported to America who makes good.) Many of these women convicts were brought as indentured servants; they were obligated to serve a master for a number of years without wages before they were allowed their freedom…
In 1619 an enterprising sea captain who had advertised for single women looking to marry transported 144 of them to Virginia. The captain paid for the women’s passage and, on arrival, he sold them as “wives” for 120 pounds of fine Virginia tobacco apiece. There are reports of other captains who kidnapped young women off the streets of London rather than going to the trouble of advertising.
Of the 144 women who emigrated to Virginia in 1619 looking for husbands, only 35 were still alive six years later.
Kidnapping people from poor areas was actually how they got too many indentured servants overall, but yeah. (How we got the term “kidnapping” to begin with.) Judges also got kickbacks for transporting prisoners as a source of potentially very profitable labor. But, ship crews could make a decent bit of money grabbing people to sell off for labor in the colonies.
Even likely without a great idea of what type of conditions they were getting themselves into, it would have taken some pretty desperate women to voluntarily sign up to get shipped to that relatively new colony and married off to strangers. (Especially in the days when, under English law, wives were chattel and could not readily get out of a bad marriage.)
At least from my understanding, a lot of the women who did at least semi-voluntarily go were doing it because they thought their position would be better if they signed up than if they got transported. As people who were needing to do survival sex work and/or stealing to support themselves. Not a lot of legit job opportunities for women at the time.
I went through school in Virginia, and you can bet they never mentioned any of that.
They were also much more keen on bringing up that first shipload of English women into the colony, than another first in 1619: the first shipload of Africans. (Who the Governor himself took from some pirates stopping for supplies, and then tried to hide them on his plantation. Not even kidding.)
Guessing some similar factors were probably also involved in France and Louisiana.
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